Comparison of the impact of the Arctic Oscillation and 2 East Atlantic / West Russia teleconnection on interannual variation in 3 East Asian winter temperatures and monsoon

20 The large-scale impacts of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the East Atlantic/West Russia 21 (EA/WR) teleconnection on the East Asian winter climate anomalies are compared for the 22 past 34 winters focusing on 1) interannual monthly to seasonal temperature variability, 2) 23 East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM), and 3) the Siberian high (SH) and cold surge. 24 Regression analysis reveals warming by AO and EA/WR over mid-latitude East Asia 25 during their positive phase and vice versa. The EA/WR impact is found to be comparable to 26 the AO impact in affecting the East Asian temperature and monsoon. For example, warm 27 (cold) months over mid-latitude East Asia during the positive (negative) AO are clearly 28 seen when the AO and EA/WR are in the same phase. Near zero correlation is found 29 between temperature and the AO phase when both teleconnections are in an opposite phase. 30 The well-known negative relationship between SH and the AO phase is observed 31 significantly more often when the AO is in the same phase with the EA/WR. Also, the 32 indices of EAWM, cold surge, and SH are found to be more highly negative-correlated with 33 the EA/WR rather than with the AO. The advective temperature change and associated 34 circulation demonstrate that the anomalous large-scale field including the SH over the mid35 latitude Asian inland is better represented by the EA/WR, influencing the East Asian winter 36 climates. These results suggest that the impact of EA/WR should be considered more 37 important than previously thought for a better understanding of East Asian winter 38 temperature and monsoon variability. 39